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Understanding mineral nutrition isn't the easiest task, but at the same time it is an indispensable management tool that has to be learned in order to avoid unintended and expensive losses. That's why Bradberry's Best works toward not only providing you with a choice quality product, but also works toward educating you on its use and as to why these minerals are important. In an ideal world, cattle would get the correct amounts of all the required minerals from the grass and forages they consume. But for many reasons, from environment (and uterine environment) to genetics to management, our cattle do not get the minerals they require to maintain health and a high reproductive status and therefore must be supplemented accordingly. Lush green grass and legumes growing from a living, fertile soil will provide many of the nutrients (minerals) that cattle need to meet the demands we place on them and as such should not need the level of supplementation that they would require at other times of the year or when pasture growing conditions change from favorable. Below is a listing of our available minerals, but that doesn't mean we are limited by what we have on hand. Please give us a call or drop by our main office to see if we can help you better manage your mineral needs. Click here for a list of mineral deficiencies and their signs. Livestock Mineral Beef Bradberry's Best Phos 12 Plus Mineral Bradberry's Best Wheat Pasture Mineral Bradberry's Best Hi Mag Mineral
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Mineral Deficiencies and their Signs Calcium Deficiency Signs: Dullness, lethargy, trembling of hindquarters and weakness of legs with broken or weak bones after prolonged deficiency. Subclinical hypocalcaemia can occur – stillborn calves and retained placentas may result. Milk fever is one of the major calcium deficiencies that plague the dairy industry. Calcium cont. Toxicity: Possible osteopetrosis, vertebral ankylosis and degenerative osteoarthritis. May reduce fat digestibility. Metastatic Ca deposition in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Dietary requirements for calcium range from 7500 to 8500 milligrams per/day. Purchased mineral will be in the 12% range. That 12% percent = 3408 milligrams calcium per ounce. Phosphorus Deficiency Effects: Reduced feed intake and milk yield, unthriftness, lethargy, reduced growth rate, impaired reproduction (silent heat, low fertility) and bone abnormalities. May increase metritis and reduce immune response. Marginal deficiency signs resemble those of Cobalt deficiency. Sever deficiency causes pica (chewing on wood or other unnatural objects). Phosphorus deficiency reduces performance more quickly than calcium. Toxicity: Excessive dietary phosphorus in relation to calcium results in weak bones, downer cow syndrome and urinary calculi. Maximum tolerated dietary level approximately 1.0% regardless of calcium level. The Dietary requirement for phosphorus is approximately 4000 milligrams per head/day. Purchased mineral will be in the 6% range. That 6% = 1488 milligrams per ounce. Copper Deficiency Signs and Effects: Poor or faded hair coat, reduced growth rate, or diarrhea if molybdenum induced. Sudden death with no prior signs if pure copper or Fe (iron) induced. Reduced fertility in cows and semen quality in bulls. Retained placenta. Increased incidence of abomasal ulcers. Inability to suckle, incoordination, stiff gait, opisthotonus or lateral recumbancy in new born and young calves. Improper bone development, heal cracks, sole abscesses, foot rot or impaired keritinization manifested as coarse hair. Cardiovascular disease and reduced immune response. Cattle may have extremely high or low copper status without showing any signs of toxicity or deficiency. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity declines with deficiency but less rapidly than serum copper. Toxicity signs and Effects: Depression, anorexia, frequent recumbancy, abdominal discomfort, jaundice and decreased milk production. Hemolytic crises, hemoglobinuria and hemoglobinaemia. Tolerable copper excess may impart oxidized flavor to milk and reduce sulphur available to rumen flora with consequent reduced productivity. Copper absorption from diet decreases as animal matures – 90% at birth to <10% at 50 days. Dietary requirements for copper range from 150 to 250 milligrams per day. Purchased minerals may be 2500 PPM. That 2500 PPM is 71 milligrams per ounce. Selenium Deficiency Signs – Severe: White muscle disease, diarrhea, muscle stiffness, sudden death due to cardiac failure with no prior signs of sickness. Occasionally recumbancy particularly in parturient cows - similar to milk fever syndrome. Deficiency Signs – Marginal: Retained placentas, abortions, weak, stillborn or lethargic calves often unable to stand or suckle reduced fertility, cystic ovaries, metritis, delayed conception, erratic, weak or silent heat periods and poor fertilization. Reduced growth rate, reduced immune response apparent as pneumonia, scouring, foot rot and mastitis etc. Toxicity Signs: Acute signs - lassitude, inappetance, dyspnea and death. Blind staggers or Alkali Disease, loss of hair, cracked or deformed hooves and lameness. Current research indicates blind staggers may not be caused by selenium. Toxicity of the selenium accumulating plants (Astragalus Sp.), may not be due to Selenium but other organic toxins in the same plants. The dietary requirement for selenium for the cow range from 4 to 6 milligrams a day. Only 3 milligrams per helping/day of selenium is allowed by law. Purchased mineral is commonly close to 26 PPM. That 26 PPM is 0.73 milligrams per ounce. Iodine Deficiency Signs: Reproductive failure; suppressed estrus, stillbirths, abortions, gestation period extended by up to 9 days, hairless or weak calves, retained placenta. Goiter, reduced milk yield, foot rot, respiratory diseases, mastitis and actinomycosis are prevented or respond to EDDI therapy. Acute Toxicity Signs: Anorexia, excessive salivation, hyperthermia, coughing, nasal and ocular discharge, bronchopneumonia and abortions. Individual animals show apparent inability to metabolise and excrete EDDI. Dietary Iodine requirements range from 25 to 28 milligrams per cow/day. Purchased minerals that contain iodine commonly have 3 to 5 milligrams per ounce. Some manufactures have higher amounts and it will be labeled in PPM. Zinc Deficiency Signs: Clinical signs occur in calves, whereas subclinical deficiency is more likely in adults. Weak hoof horn with increased susceptibility to interdigital dermatitis or foot rot. Reduced conception rate, severely impaired spermatozoan maturation. Reduced feed intake and growth rate. Lethargy. Reduced immune response. Parakeratosis. Zinc is essential for normal wound healing and synthesis of collagen in bone. Toxicity: Toxicity in adult cattle is uncommon. 2.0% zinc in dairy feed has killed mature cows. Zinc at 6-8 PPM in drinking water may adversely affect cattle. Pancreatitis occurs with > 1600 PPM dietary zinc. 500 PPM zinc in milk replacer or 1.5-2.0 grams of zinc per/head/day for 30 days is toxic to preruminant calves. High zinc intake interferes with calcium metabolism. 120 milligrams of zinc (as oxide) per kg of body weight for 3 days can cause hypocalcaemia. Toxicity Signs: Young calves are more susceptible than adults. Excessive bawling, increased milk replacer consumption, diarrhea and polyuria followed by pica, then reduced appetite, submandibular edema and emaciation. Pneumonia, ocular signs, bloat and cardiac errhythmias may occur, terminating in tonic-clonic convulsions, nystagmus and lack of sensorium. Increased incidence of arthritis and milk fever may occur in adults. Zinc requirements for cows range from 1200 to 1600 milligrams per day. Purchased minerals that contain 3000 PPM will have 85.22 milligrams per ounce. Purchased minerals with 1.9% zinc will contain 539.6 milligrams per ounce. Manganese Deficiency Signs: Deficiency linked to silent heat, reduced conception, abortions, reduced birth weight, increased percentage of male calves, paralysis and skeletal damage. Toxicity: Indicated by reduced appetite and growth rate, anemia and abdominal discomfort. Abortion and cystic ovaries may be associated with excess manganese. Manganese is excreted in bile at rate of 12.7 umol/kg liver. Daily requirements for Manganese range around 1200 milligrams per/cow/day. Purchased minerals that contain 2500 PPM will have 71.02 milligrams manganese per ounce. Magnesium Deficiency Signs and Effects: Irritability, trembling, frothing at mouth, hyperaesthesia, tetany, incoordination, convulsions and death. Death is often sudden with no prior signs. Sub-clinical hypomagnesemia may reduce food intake and adversely affect milk yield and heart function. Magnesium appears to play a role in activation of vitamin D. Hypomagnesemia reduces calcium mobilization in steers, non-pregnant lactating cows and cows at parturition. Toxicity: Excess dietary magnesium reduces feed intake, retards growth rate and produces diarrhea and emaciation. BUN and serum creatinine levels become greatly elevated, and serum calcium is reduced. Magnesium dietary requirements for cows range from 5,000 to 10,000 milligrams per head/day. Purchased minerals that contain 5% magnesium contain 1420 milligrams per/ounce. Formula for Converting % to Milligrams per Ounce (mg/oz.) Example: The mineral bag label list the Phosphorus to be 12%. 1. 12% X 284 (conversion factor) = 3408 mg/ounce The percent X 284 (conversion factor) = mg/ounce . If the feeding instructions call for 4 ounces./head/day than 3408 milligrams/ounce X 4 ounces would equal 13632 milligrams of phosphorus - the amount your cows would consume a day with that mineral. Formula for Converting PPM to Milligrams per Ounce (mg/oz.) Example: Tag on mineral bag indicates the selenium content to be at 26 PPM per serving. 1. 26 PPM X .0284 (conversion factor) = 0.7384 mg/ounce. If the feeding instructions call for 4 ounces/head/day than 0.7384 milligrams/ounce X 4 ounces would equal 2.95 milligrams - the amount of selenium your cows would consume a day with that mineral. Do you think their systems would be deficient, adequate or toxic with this amount of selenium? Are you starting to get the idea why it is so important to read and understand labels? Here is a summary table for the mineral requirements discussed above. Daily Mineral Requirements for a Cow Calcium 7500 to 8500 mg/per/day Phosphorus 400 mg/per/day Copper 150-250 mg/per/day Manganese 1200 mg/per/day Zinc 1200 to 1600 mg/per/day Selenium 4 to 6 mg/per/day Iodine 25-28 mg/per/day Magnesium 5000 to 10,000 mg/per/day Often times it is necessary to buy individual minerals and add additional amounts of them to a mix already put together in order to get the required amounts up to where they need to be. The content of the mineral in that “individual” mineral bag is typically given as a percent. If needing to add extra: Calcium - look for Calcium Carbonate with a content of 38%. Calcium and Phosphorus – look for Dicalcium Phosphate with the content of 21% calcium & 18% Phosphorus or Mono Calcium Phosphate with the content of 18% calcium & 21% phosphorus. Copper – look for Copper Sulfate with a content of 25.2%. Magnesium – look for Magnesium Oxide with a content of 54%. Zinc – look for Zinc Oxide with a content of 72%. Livestock Mineral Beef Bradberry's Best Phos 12 Plus Mineral
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Welcome to Bradberry's Best where "Choice Quality Products" are just the beginning of our business philosophy when it comes to providing the best possible services to our customers. Bradberry's Best offers full lines of feed for horse and cattle operations and can fine-tune your livestock's minerals and protein supplements to meet your needs. Our customers also depend on us to provide them with the best in choice quality hunting and outdoor gear, pet supplies and gardening starters. Come by are store today or shoot us an email and see if we can't make a difference in your operation. |
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| Home | Livestock Minerals | Feed | Show Feed | Protein Supplements | Seed | Pet Supplies | Hunting/Outdoor | Ag & Weather | Contact | Ring of Honor |
